Manufacture of artificial filaments, threads, and the like



1933- A. H. TIDMUS ET AL 1,922,718

MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, AND THE LIKE Filed Aug.19, 1930 ALLAN H. TIBMUS FRANK A- REESDN INYENTOH f ow-M ATTOHNEWPatented Aug. 15, 1933 OFFICE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS,THREADS, AND THE LIKE Allan Hinds Tidmus and Frank Alfred Reason,Spcndon, near Derby, England, assignors to Celanese Corporation ofAmerica, a Corporation of Delaware Application August 19, 1930, SerialNo. 476,304, and in Great Britain September 5, 1929 8 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for the manufacture of artificialsilk and other artificial filaments, threads, ribbons, straw, or thelike,

. (hereafter referred to as filaments), and is especially applicable toapparatus for the manufacture of such materials by the dry orevaporative method of spinning.

The object of the invention is to enable two jets or nozzles to be usedin series on a single pipe or member for supplying spinning solution tothe jets r nozzles.

Broadly, the invention comprises means by which one jet or nozzle can besecured to or removed from the supply pipe or member for the spinningsolution without interfering with the attachment of the jet or nozzle towhich the solution is fed directly from the supply pipe or member. Theinvention further comprises an entire jet or nozzle fitting consistingof a jet or nozzle fed directly by the supply pipe or member 2 and meansfor removably connecting a further jet or nozzle to the supply pipe ormember in series with the first jet or nozzle.

The jet or nozzle (hereafterreferred to as the first jet) to whichspinning solution is fed directly by the supply pipe or member may beformed integrally with or detachably or otherwise attached to the supplypipe or member. Conveniently it takes the form of a perforated metal 0disc or cup which may be attached by a union or like engaging with thesupply pipe or member or with a member attached thereto, or it may besoldered or brazed thereto.

The jet or nozzle (hereafter referred to as the second jet) in serieswith the first jet may be of any convenient form, as for instance aperforated metal disc or cup, and may be attached to the supply pipe ormember in any convenient manner which permits of its being connected 0without interfering with the first jet. For instance, the second jet maybe attached to the supply pipe in front of the first jet by means of aunion or like attachement which engages with the supply pipe or member(or with a member attached thereto), or with a union or like attachmentholding the first jet. In cases where the first jet is attached by ascrewed union or the like, it is preferred to employ one of the unionswith a lefthand thread and the other with a right-hand 0 thread in orderto facilitate removal of the second jet without removing the first jet.This form of attachment may be arranged to. be clamped over the securingmeans for the first jet.

The means for attaching the second jet to the supply pipe or member maybe so arranged as to permit of the attachment without requiring anymodification of the means usually employed for securing the first jet tothe supply pipe or member; or the supply pipe or member, or the meansfor securing the first jet thereto, may be modified to receive the meansfor attaching the second jet. The second jet is preferably arranged tofit closely to the first jet, and the filtering of the spinning solutionis preferably effected before the solution arrives at the first jet.

The mounting of a second jet in series with the first in such a mannerthat it can be'removed and replaced without interfering with the firstjet enables the second jet to be removed without loss of pressure,wastage of spinning solution, or other inconveniences usually attendantupon removing the spinning jet. The first jet serves as a pressureretaining member after removal of the second jet and is formed with oneor more holes of sufiicient total area to enable the second jet toreceive an adequate supply of spinning solution. The total area of saidhole or holes is preferably such that the pressure in the supply pipe ormember remains approximately the same after removal of the second jet aswhen it is in use. For example, the first jet may be provided with asingle hole of slightly greater area than the total area of the orificeor orifices of the second jet. The first jet may, however, serve as anadditional filtering means for the spinning solution, in which case itmay be provided with a number of holes not substantially greater than,and preferably considerably smaller than, the orifices in the secondjet.

The apparatus may, moreover, be employed as a single means for changingthe character of the product spun, either as regards the number offilaments extruded or their denier, or both, by allowing the first jetto be used as a spinning jet through which one or more relatively largefilaments or a plurality of fine or very fine filaments are extruded,and then attaching a second jet to serve as a spinning jet for theextrusion of oneor more relatively large filaments or a plurality offine or very fine filaments of different denier and/or number from thoseextruded through the first jet. Thus, the first jet may be arranged tospin a thread consisting of a number of fine or very fine filaments andby attaching a second jet, having a suitable number of spinning orificeswhich may be round, slitshaped or otherwise formed, the output may bechanged to relatively few filaments of fairly high denier, or even to asingle high denier filament.

Various forms of jet fittings and attachments according to the inventionare illustrated in the accompanying drawing, but it is to be understoodthat these, together with the following description, are given by way ofexample only and are in no way limitative.

Fig. 1 is an elevation in half section of one form of jet fittingaccording to the invention, and Fig. 2 is a perspective view of part ofthe attachment by which the second. jet is secured to the first; and

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a second form of jet fitting.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, a pipe 11 for the supply of spinningsolution to the jets is fitted with a hexagonal nut 12 having anenlarged externally threaded lower part 13, on to which a nut 14 isscrewed to hold in place the first jet 15 against the under side of thenut 12. A split nut comprising two halves 1'7. 18 embraces the nuts 12,14, being shaped hexagonally inside at 19 to fit closely round the nut12, having a depending skirt 20 to fit over the nut 14. The parts 1'7,18 are shown apart in Fig. 2, which shows pins 21 on the opposed facesof the parts 17, 18 arranged to fit into corresponding holes 22 toensure that the parts 17, 18 fit together correctly over the nuts 12,14. The skirt 20 is screw cut outside with a left-hand thread 23 and onto this skirt is screwed a further nut 24, having an annular horizontalbearing surface 25 inside, which clamps the nut 17, 18 about the nuts12, 14 and holds a second jet 26 against the underface of the nut 19.The second jet 26 can be readily removed without interference withtheconnection of the first jet 15, the nut l'7, 18 and the nut 24 beingfittedtogether with a left-hand screw thread so that when the nut 24 isremoved, there is no tendency for either of the nuts 12, 14 to unscrew.The form of attachment for the jet 26 comprising the nuts 17, 18 and 24as just described enables the second jet 26 to be attached in serieswith the jet 15 without modification of the means employed to secure thejet 15 to the pipe 11.

In Fig. 3 a fitting is shown in which the jet 15 is held in positionagainst the nut 12 by means of a nut 30, similar in function to the nut14 but modified by having the lower part 31 of its exterior of reduceddiameter, and provided with a left-hand screwed thread. On to this part31 is screwed the nut 24, which holds the second jet 26 against the faceof the nut 30. The nut 24 forming the attachment for the jet 26 has alefthanded thread, so that its removal tends to tighten the nut 30 on tothe member 13.

In both modifications shown-suitable packing rings 16, 40 are used tomake tight joints between the jets 15, 26 and the body of the jetfittings or attachments.

Various forms of jets 15, 26 are shown in the several forms of jetfitting illustrated in the drawing. In Fig. 1,, the second jet 26 has alarge number of orifices 2'7 while the jet 15 has a single orifice 28and serves as a pressure-retaining member during the replacement of thejet 28,

the area of the orifice 28 being slightly greater.

than the totalarea of the orifices 2'7. While the jet 26 is removed, thejet l5 continues to spin a single filament of comparatively largecross-section. In Fig. 3, both jets 15, 26 have a number of orifices 29,33. i

It will be seen that any one of the jet fittings illustrated enables thejet 26 to be secured to or removed from the pipe 11 without disturbingthe jet 15; and also that the output of the jet, either as regardsnumber or size of the filaments spun can be readily varied, either byusing jets 15 and 26 having a different number and size of orifices andallowing the jet 15 to serve as the spinning jet while the jet 26 isabsent, or by using the jet 15 as a pressure retaining member to reducewastage during thechanging of one jet 26 for another having a differentnumber and size of orifices.

What we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is?- 1. Apparatusfor the manufacture of artificial filaments, comprising twocommunicating spaced spinning jets in series and means for securing saidjets in series on a single source of supply of spinning solution, saidsecuring means being adapted to facilitate the removal or replacement ofthe second of said jets without interfering with the attachment of thefirst.

2. Apparatus for the manufacture of artificial filaments, comprising twocommunicating spaced spinning jets in series, means for securing one ofsaid jets to a source of supply of spinning solution, and an attachmentadapted to be secured to said securing means and to secure the secondjet'in series with the first.

Apparatus for the manufacture of artificial filaments, comprising twocommunicating spaced spinning jets in series, means for securing one ofsaid jets to 'a source of supply of spinning solution, and an attachmentadapted to be clamped to said securing means and to secure the secondjet in series with the first.

4. Apparatus for the manufacture of artificial filaments, comprising twocommunicating spaced v spinning jets in series, means for securing oneof said jets to a-source of supply of spinning solution, and anattachment adapted to be screwed to said securing means and to securethe second jet in series with the first.

5. Apparatus for the manufacture of artificial filaments, comprising twocommunicating spaced spinning jets in series, means for securing one ofsaid jets by a screw thread to a source of supply of spinning solution,and an attachment adapted to be screwed to said securing means and tosecure the second jet in series with the first, the

screw thread in said attachment being cut in reverse direction to thescrew thread of the first jet securing means.

6. Attachment for application to a spinning jet, comprising a secondspinning jet adapted to be fitted over the spinning jet to which it isapplied and to leave a communicating space between the two jets, andmeans for securing said second jet to the first without interfering withthe connection of the first to a source of supply of spinning solution.a

7. Attachment for application to a spinning jet, comprising a secondspinning jet-adapted to be fitted over the spinning jet to which it isapplied and to leave a communicating space between the two jets, andmeans for clamping said second jet to the first without interfering withthe connection of the first to a source of supply of spinning solution.

8. Attachment for application to a spinning jet, comprising a secondspinning jet adapted to be fitted over the spinning jet to which it isapplied and to leave a communicating space between the two jets, andmeans for screwing said second jet to the first without interfering withthe connection of the first to a source of supply of spinning solution.

ALLAN HINDS TIDMUS. FRANK ALFRED REESON.

